How to Read the Amateur Bands (HF to UHF)

The amateur bands each behave differently depending on time of day and solar conditions. Here is how to think about the spectrum.

HF (3–30 MHz)

Long-distance work via ionospheric propagation. Great for DX, especially around the grey line.

VHF (30–300 MHz)

Mostly line-of-sight, with occasional sporadic-E and tropospheric openings.

UHF (300 MHz+)

Short range but reliable — ideal for repeaters, satellites, and local nets.